# du: 显式文件大小 Linux `du`命令也是查看使用空间的，但是与`df`命令不同的是Linux`du`命令是对文件和目录磁盘使用空间的查看。 ## 1. 命令格式 `du [OPTION]... [FILE]...` ## 2. 命令功能 显式每个文件和目录的磁盘使用空间，如果是目录，就递归显式。 ## 3. 命令参数 | 参数 | 含义 | | ------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------- | | -a, --all | 显式所有文件的大小，而不仅仅是目录 | | --apparent-size | 仅仅显式apparent大小，而不是磁盘占用空间。这个数据会比磁盘占用空间小一些 | | -B, --block-size=*SIZE* | 使用*SIZE*指定的块大小输出 | | -b, --bytes | 以byte为单位输出，等价于'--apparent-size --block-size=1' | | -c, --tot | 除了显式文件和目录的大小外，显式总和 | | -D, --dereference-args | dereference only symlinks that are listed on the command line | | -H | 等价于'--dereference-args (-D)' | | -h, --human-readable | 显式可读格式的大小（比如1K，234M，2G） | | --si | 类似于-h，但是以1000为转换单位 | | -k | 等价于'--block-size=1K' | | -l, --count-links | 如果是硬链接就重复计算 | | -m | 等价于'--block-size=1M' | | -L, --dereference | dereference all symbolic links | | -P, --no-dereference | don't follow any symbolic links (this is the default) | | -S, --separate-dirs | 显式大小时，不包含子目录的大小 | | -s, --summarize | 仅显示总大小 | | -x, --one-file-system | 仅以第一个文件系统为准，其他的略过 | | -X, --exclude-from=*FILE* | 排除符合条件的文件 | | --exclude=*PATTERN* | 排除符合条件的文件 | | --max-depth=*N* | 递归计算目录大小时，最多递归到N层 | | --time | 显式每个文件和目录的最后修改时间 | ## 4. 使用实例 ### **实例1：显式目录或文件所占空间** `du` 结果： ``` 0 ./search 0 ./article_process 0 ./subcenter 0 ./homepage 0 ./channel 0 ./jieba 65937776 ./toutiao_article_process 8280132 ./baijia_article_process 0 ./toutiao_channel 0 ./toutiao_jieba 0 ./toutiao_homepage 0 ./toutiao_search 0 ./douyin_channel 0 ./douyin_jieba 0 ./douyin_homepage 0 ./douyin_search 5858936 ./douyin_article_process 685904 ./douyin_topic_process 0 ./task_search 0 ./toutiao_task_search 74236 ./delete_cos_file 0 ./import_media_homepage 0 ./huoshan_channel 0 ./pipixia_channel 1108 ./bilibili_crawl 362720 ./douyin_bgm_process 129592 ./douyin_daren_process 12408 ./youtube_process 81342820 . ``` 只显示当前目录下的子目录的大小和当前目录的总大小，最下面的是当前目录的总和。 ### **实例2：显式指定文件所占空间** ``` du info.log ``` 结果： ``` 3433284 info.log ``` ### **实例3：查看指定目录的所占空间** ``` du media_detect/ ``` 结果： ``` 0 media_detect/search 0 media_detect/article_process 0 media_detect/subcenter 0 media_detect/homepage 0 media_detect/channel 0 media_detect/jieba 65937776 media_detect/toutiao_article_process 8280132 media_detect/baijia_article_process 0 media_detect/toutiao_channel 0 media_detect/toutiao_jieba 0 media_detect/toutiao_homepage 0 media_detect/toutiao_search 0 media_detect/douyin_channel 0 media_detect/douyin_jieba 0 media_detect/douyin_homepage 0 media_detect/douyin_search 5858936 media_detect/douyin_article_process 685904 media_detect/douyin_topic_process 0 media_detect/task_search 0 media_detect/toutiao_task_search 74236 media_detect/delete_cos_file 0 media_detect/import_media_homepage 0 media_detect/huoshan_channel 0 media_detect/pipixia_channel 1108 media_detect/bilibili_crawl 362720 media_detect/douyin_bgm_process 129592 media_detect/douyin_daren_process 12408 media_detect/youtube_process 81342820 media_detect/ ``` ### **实例4：显式多个文件所占空间** ``` du info.log info.log.20190414 info.log.20190413 ``` 结果： ``` 3433284 info.log 7011232 info.log.20190414 20199964 info.log.20190413 ``` ### **实例5：只显示总和** ``` du -s du -s toutiao_article_process/ ``` 结果： ``` 65937780 . 65937780 toutiao_article_process/ ``` ### **实例6：方便阅读的格式** ``` du -h info.log ``` 结果： ``` 3.3G info.log ``` ### **实例7：文件和目录都显示** ``` du -ah ``` 结果： ``` 6.4G ./toutiao_article_process/info_new_version.log 154M ./toutiao_article_process/error.log.20190410 6.0G ./toutiao_article_process/info.log.20190411 232M ./toutiao_article_process/error.log.20190411 17G ./toutiao_article_process/info.log.20190412 20G ./toutiao_article_process/info.log.20190413 3.3G ./toutiao_article_process/info.log 252M ./toutiao_article_process/error.log.20190412 6.7G ./toutiao_article_process/info.log.20190414 52K ./toutiao_article_process/error.log.20190407 31M ./toutiao_article_process/error_new_version.log 61M ./toutiao_article_process/error.log 35M ./toutiao_article_process/error.log.20190408 4.0K ./toutiao_article_process/.info.log.swo 4.0K ./toutiao_article_process/.info.log.swn 154M ./toutiao_article_process/error.log.20190409 4.2G ./toutiao_article_process/info.log.20190410 194M ./toutiao_article_process/error.log.20190413 161M ./toutiao_article_process/error.log.20190414 63G ./toutiao_article_process ``` ### **实例8：显式指定几个文件，并统计总和** ``` du -c info.log info.log.20190414 info.log.20190413 ``` 结果： ``` 3304388 info.log 7011232 info.log.20190414 20199964 info.log.20190413 30515584 total ``` ### **实例9：按空间大小排序** ``` du | sort -nr | more ``` 结果： ``` 81182196 . 65710208 ./toutiao_article_process 8369220 ./baijia_article_process 5836792 ./douyin_article_process 685904 ./douyin_topic_process 362720 ./douyin_bgm_process 129592 ./douyin_daren_process 74236 ./delete_cos_file 12408 ./youtube_process 1108 ./bilibili_crawl 0 ./toutiao_task_search 0 ./toutiao_search 0 ./toutiao_jieba 0 ./toutiao_homepage 0 ./toutiao_channel 0 ./task_search 0 ./subcenter 0 ./search 0 ./pipixia_channel 0 ./jieba 0 ./import_media_homepage 0 ./huoshan_channel 0 ./homepage 0 ./douyin_search 0 ./douyin_jieba 0 ./douyin_homepage 0 ./douyin_channel 0 ./channel 0 ./article_process ``` ### **实例10：输出当前目录下各个子目录使用空间大小** ``` du -h --max-depth=1 ``` 结果： ``` 0 ./search 0 ./article_process 0 ./subcenter 0 ./homepage 0 ./channel 0 ./jieba 63G ./toutiao_article_process 8.0G ./baijia_article_process 0 ./toutiao_channel 0 ./toutiao_jieba 0 ./toutiao_homepage 0 ./toutiao_search 0 ./douyin_channel 0 ./douyin_jieba 0 ./douyin_homepage 0 ./douyin_search 5.6G ./douyin_article_process 670M ./douyin_topic_process 0 ./task_search 0 ./toutiao_task_search 73M ./delete_cos_file 0 ./import_media_homepage 0 ./huoshan_channel 0 ./pipixia_channel 1.1M ./bilibili_crawl 355M ./douyin_bgm_process 127M ./douyin_daren_process 13M ./youtube_process 78G . ``` --- # Agent Instructions: Querying This Documentation If you need additional information that is not directly available in this page, you can query the documentation dynamically by asking a question. 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